3.9 billion years ago, Earth's oceans contained twice as much water as they do today. This begs the question; where did all of that water go? The answer is somewhat surprising, and explained in this video made by a geologist. If you would like to support this channel, consider using one of the following links: (Patreon: http://patreon.com/geologyhub) (YouTube membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYeGh5VML5XPr5jYnzh3J6g/join) (Gemstone & Mineral Etsy store: http://prospectingarizona.etsy.com) (GeologyHub Merch Etsy store: http://geologyhub.etsy.com) Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google & Data Providers This video is protected under "fair use". If you see an image and/or video which is your own in this video, and/or think my discussion of a scientific paper (and/or discussion/mentioning of the data/information within a scientific paper) does not fall under the fair use doctrine, and wish for it to be censored or removed, contact me by email at [email protected] and I will make the necessary changes. Various licenses used in sections of this video (not the entire video, this video as a whole does not completely fall under one of these licenses) and/or in this video's thumbnail image (and this list does not include every license used in this video and/or thumbnail image): CC BY 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Sources/Citations: [1] Mindat, https://www.mindat.org/ [2] Mindat, "Majorite", https://www.mindat.org/min-2546.html [3] Mindat, "Bridgmanite", https://www.mindat.org/min-45900.html [4] Andersen, J., Göğüş, O.H., Pysklywec, R.N. et al. Symptomatic lithospheric drips triggering fast topographic rise and crustal deformation in the Central Andes. Commun Earth Environ 3, 150 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00470-1, CC BY 4.0 0:00 Twice the Water 1:08 Not True Water 1:31 Phase Changes 2:11 Bridgmanite 3:15 A Water World